51 research outputs found

    A General Model for the Design of Efficient Sign-Coding Tools for Wavelet-Based Encoders

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    [EN] Traditionally, it has been assumed that the compression of the sign of wavelet coefficients is not worth the effort because they form a zero-mean process. However, several image encoders such as JPEG 2000 include sign-coding capabilities. In this paper, we analyze the convenience of including sign-coding techniques into wavelet-based image encoders and propose a methodology that allows the design of sign-prediction tools for whatever kind of wavelet-based encoder. The proposed methodology is based on the use of metaheuristic algorithms to find the best sign prediction with the most appropriate context distribution that maximizes the resulting sign-compression rate of a particular wavelet encoder. Following our proposal, we have designed and implemented a sign-coding module for the LTW wavelet encoder, to evaluate the benefits of the sign-coding tool provided by our proposed methodology. The experimental results show that sign compression can save up to 18.91% of bit-rate when enabling sign-coding capabilities. Also, we have observed two general behaviors when coding the sign of wavelet coefficients: (a) the best results are provided from moderate to high compression rates; and (b) the sign redundancy may be better exploited when working with high-textured images.This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under Grant RTI2018-098156-B-C54, co-financed by FEDER funds (MINECO/FEDER/UE).LĂłpez-Granado, OM.; MartĂ­nez-Rach, MO.; MartĂ­-Campoy, A.; Cruz-ChĂĄvez, MA.; PĂ©rez Malumbres, M. (2020). A General Model for the Design of Efficient Sign-Coding Tools for Wavelet-Based Encoders. Electronics. 9(11):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111899S117911Said, A., & Pearlman, W. A. (1996). A new, fast, and efficient image codec based on set partitioning in hierarchical trees. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 6(3), 243-250. doi:10.1109/76.499834ISO/IEC 15444-1:2019. Information technology—JPEG 2000 Image Coding System—Part 1: Core Coding Systemhttps://www.iso.org/standard/78321.htmlTaubman, D. (2000). High performance scalable image compression with EBCOT. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 9(7), 1158-1170. doi:10.1109/83.847830Bilgin, A., Sementilli, P. J., & Marcellin, M. W. (1999). Progressive image coding using trellis coded quantization. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 8(11), 1638-1643. doi:10.1109/83.799891Oliver, J., & Malumbres, M. P. (2006). Low-Complexity Multiresolution Image Compression Using Wavelet Lower Trees. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 16(11), 1437-1444. doi:10.1109/tcsvt.2006.883505Cho, Y., & Pearlman, W. A. (2007). Hierarchical Dynamic Range Coding of Wavelet Subbands for Fast and Efficient Image Decompression. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 16(8), 2005-2015. doi:10.1109/tip.2007.901247Deever, A. T., & Hemami, S. S. (2003). Efficient sign coding and estimation of zero-quantized coefficients in embedded wavelet image codecs. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 12(4), 420-430. doi:10.1109/tip.2003.811499Mallat, S., & Zhong, S. (1992). Characterization of signals from multiscale edges. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 14(7), 710-732. doi:10.1109/34.142909LĂłpez-Granado, O., Galiano, V., MartĂ­, A., MigallĂłn, H., MartĂ­nez-Rach, M., Piñol, P., & Malumbres, M. P. (2013). Improving image compression through the use of evolutionary computing algorithms. Data Management and Security. doi:10.2495/data130041Kodak Lossless True Color Image Suitehttp://r0k.us/graphics/kodak/Rawzor—Lossless Compression Software for Camera Raw Imageshttp://imagecompression.info/test_images

    Inhibition of mycelial growth and conidium germination of Colletotrichum sp. for organic and inorganic products

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    Objective: To evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide, potassium sorbate, sodium bicarbonate and chitosan, on the in vitro germination and mycelial growth of Colletotrichum sp. Design/methodology/approach: Effectiveness’ evaluation of each treatments was carried out using the methodology of poisoned cultures. The following concentrations were evaluated for hydrogen peroxide and potassium sorbate: 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2, 0.16, 0.12, 0.08 and 0.04 %; for sodium bicarbonate: 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2 %; and finally for chitosan: 2.5, 2.0, 1.5, 1.0 and 0.5 %. A mycelial growth disc of Colletotrichum sp. six days old was placed on each poisoned culture. The experimental design to measure the inhibition of mycelial growth and conidia germination of Colletotrichum sp. was completely randomized with five replications. Results were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and average ranges were compared between them. The EC50 and EC95 of each product were determined by probit analyses. Results: The hydrogen peroxide inhibits 100 % of mycelial growth from concentration of 0.16 %, while potassium sorbate from 0.2 %. Regarding to sodium bicarbonate and chitosan, they reached this effect in 1.0 and 2.5 %. Conidia germination was completely inhibited only with hydrogen peroxide and potassium sorbate. The EC50 and EC95 for hydrogen peroxide were 0.1 and 0.12 %, for potassium sorbate: 0.10 and 0.19 %, sodium bicarbonate: 0.16 and 0.88 %, and for chitosan: 1.20 and 2.18 %, respectively. Findings/conclusions: The evaluated treatments represent an effective and viable ecological alternative for the control of Colletotrichum sp.Objective: To evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide, potassium sorbate, sodium bicarbonate, and chitosan on mycelial growth and in vitro germination of Colletotrichum sp., to be used for future management of anthracnose disease in postharvest cv. Ataulfo mango fruit. Design/Methodology/Approach: The effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated using the poisoned culture method. The evaluated concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and potassium sorbate were 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2, 0.16, 0.12, 0.08, and 0.04 %; sodium bicarbonate, 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2 %; and chitosan, 2.5, 2.0, 1.5, 1.0 and 0.5 %. A 6-day disk of Colletotrichum sp. mycelial growth was placed in each poisoned culture medium. The inhibition of mycelial growth and the germination of Colletotrichum sp. conidia were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with five repetitions for mycelial growth and four for conidium germination. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the comparison of average ranges. The CE50 and CE95 of each product was estimated using Probit analysis with the results of mycelial growth inhibition. Results: The mycelial growth inhibition (100%) of the Colletotrichum sp. strain was reached starting at concentrations of 0.16, 0.2, 1.0, and 2.5% for hydrogen peroxide, potassium sorbate, sodium bicarbonate, and chitosan, respectively. The inhibition of conidium germination was only observed in treatments with hydrogen peroxide and potassium sorbate. The CE50 and CE95 for hydrogen peroxide was 0.1 and 0.12%; for potassium sorbate, 0.10 and 0.19%; for sodium bicarbonate, 0.16 and 0.88%; and for chitosan, 1.20 and 2.18%. Findings/Conclusions: The evaluated treatments represent an effective and viable ecological alternative for the control of Colletotrichum sp., causal agent of anthracnosis in mango fruit

    1er. Coloquio de educación para el diseño en la sociedad 5.0

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    Las memorias del 1er. Coloquio de EducaciĂłn para el Diseño en la Sociedad 5.0 debenser entendidas como un esfuerzo colectivo de la comunidad de acadĂ©micos de la DivisiĂłn de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño, que pone de manifiesto los retos y oportunidades que enfrenta la educaciĂłn en diseño en un contexto de cambio acelerado y rompimiento de paradigmas.El evento se realizĂł el pasado mes de mayo de 2018 y se recibieron mĂĄs de 50 ponencias por parte de las profesoras y profesores de la DivisiĂłn.Las experiencias y/o propuestas innovadoras en cuanto a procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje que presentan los autores en cada uno de sus textos son una invitaciĂłn a reflexionar sobre nuestra situaciĂłn actual en la materia, y emprender acciones en la DivisiĂłn para continuar brindando una educaciĂłn de calidad en diseño a nuestras alumnas, alumnos y la sociedad.Adicionalmente, se organizaron tres conferencias magistrales sobre la situaciĂłn actual de la educaciĂłn en Diseño y de las Instituciones de EducaciĂłn Superior, impartidas por el Mtro. Luis Sarale, profesor de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo en Mendoza (Argentina), y Presidente en su momento, de la Red de Carreras de Diseño en Universidades PĂșblicas Latinoamericanas (DISUR), el Dr. Romualdo LĂłpez ZĂĄrate, Rector de la Unidad Azcapotzalco, asĂ­ como del Mtro. Luis Antonio Rivera DĂ­az, Jefe de Departamento de TeorĂ­a y Procesos del Diseño de la DivisiĂłn de la Ciencias de la ComunicaciĂłn y Diseño, en la Unidad Cuajimalpa de nuestra instituciĂłn.La publicaciĂłn de estas memorias son un esfuerzo divisional, organizado desde la CoordinaciĂłn de Docencia Divisional y la CoordinaciĂłn de TecnologĂ­as del Aprendizaje, del Conocimiento y la ComunicaciĂłn, para contribuir a los objetivos planteados en el documento ACCIONES:Agenda CyAD2021, en particular al eje de InnovaciĂłn Educativa. Es necesario impulsar a todos los niveles de la DivisiĂłn espacios de discusiĂłn orientados a reflexionar sobre el presente y futuro en la educaciĂłn del diseñador, que contribuya a mejorar la calidad de la docencia y favorezca al fortalecimiento de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.Finalmente, extiendo un amplio reconocimiento a todos los miembros de la DivisiĂłn que hicieron posible este evento, asĂ­ como a todos los ponentes y participantes por compartir su conocimiento para que la DivisiĂłn sea cada dĂ­a mejor

    EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

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    Este texto contribuye al anålisis científico de varias åreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una årea protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza

    LA U INVESTIGA: Revista CientĂ­fica. Facultad Ciencias de la Salud. Volumen 3. NĂșmero 1

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    Los ĂĄmbitos de investigaciĂłn expuestos en este nĂșmero corresponden a salud, educaciĂłn, comunicaciĂłn; temĂĄtica relacionados Ă­ntimamente con la problemĂĄtica social, que trata de visibilizarla a travĂ©s de la difusiĂłn cientĂ­fica. Desde una visiĂłn de caso clĂ­nico, como son aquellos artĂ­culos investigados en los centros asistenciales del paĂ­s; o de anĂĄlisis colectivo evidente en los artĂ­culos elaborados por acadĂ©micos de la Universidad TĂ©cnica del Norte.‱ Adenoma pleomorfo metastĂĄsico a mama y pulmĂłn. ‱ EvaluaciĂłn clĂ­nica y atenciĂłn temprana de la potencialidad cerebromotriz innata en los reciĂ©n nacidos vivos con factores de riesgo neonatal del hospital general San Vicente de PaĂșl. ‱ Embarazo ectopico cervical a proposito de un caso ‱ Ganglio centinela en cĂĄncer de mama uso de azul patente en unidades de segundo nivel. ‱ Morbimortalidad en reciĂ©n nacidos pretĂ©rminos menores de 36 semanas, hospital IESS Ibarra año 2014. ‱ Ruptura esplĂ©nica asociada con preeclampsia severa presentacion de un caso. ‱ Enfermedad de Addison de etiologĂ­a tuberculosa: presentaciĂłn de caso clĂ­nico. ‱ Estado de la independencia funcional en personas con discapacidad del cantĂłn Otavalo. ‱ SĂ­ntesis analĂ­tica sobre las bondades medicinales de la jĂ­cama (smallanthus sonchifolius) 2015. ‱ PrevenciĂłn de infecciones puerperales con Churiyuyo (kalanchoe pinnata), una experiencia de las parteras tradicionales en Napo Ecuador. ‱ ValoraciĂłn de las habilidades comunicativas en la relaciĂłn fisioterapeuta paciente. ‱ Objeto de aprendizaje mĂłvil en el aula, para estudiantes de la carrera de NutriciĂłn y salud comunitaria, Universidad TĂ©cnica del Norte. ‱ Infecciones de vĂ­as urinarias asociadas a catĂ©ter vesical en mujeres embarazadas. Hospital San Vicente de PaĂșl, 2015. ‱ Proceso enfermero en la satisfacciĂłn de las necesidades bĂĄsicas en usuario colecistectomizado. ‱ SatisfacciĂłn laboral de los profesionales de enfermerĂ­

    Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

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    Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries
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